* Malangizo Owerenga:
Kuti muchepetse kutopa kwa owerenga, nkhaniyi igawidwa m'magawo awiri (Gawo 1 ndi Gawo 2).
Izi [Gawo2]ili ndi 1341mawu ndipo akuyembekezeka kutenga mphindi 8-10 kuti awerenge.
1. Mawu Oyamba
Makina opukusira ndi opukuta (omwe tsopano akutchedwa "opera ndi opukuta") ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popera ndi kupukuta pamwamba pa ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zitsulo, matabwa, galasi, ndi ceramic. Zopukutira ndi opukuta zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu yambiri molingana ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito komanso mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Kumvetsetsa magulu akuluakulu a makina opukutira ndi opukuta, mawonekedwe awo, zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ubwino ndi kuipa kwake, ndizofunika kwambiri posankha zipangizo zoyenera zopera ndi kupukuta.
2. Gulu ndi makhalidwe a makina akupera ndi kupukuta makina
[Kutengera gulu lomwe likugwira ntchito la mawonekedwe a workpiece (zinthu, mawonekedwe, kukula)] :
2.1 Chopukusira m'manja ndi chopukutira
2.2 Benchtop akupera ndi kupukuta makina
2.3 Makina opukutira moyima ndi kupukuta
2. 4 gantry akupera ndi kupukuta makina
2.5 Makina akupera ndi kupukuta pamwamba
2.6 Mkati ndi kunja kwa cylindrical akupera ndi kupukuta makina
2.7 Makina apadera opera ndi kupukuta
| M'nkhani yapitayi, tinagawana mitu 1-2.7 ya theka loyamba la chimango. Tsopano tikupitilira: |
[ Kugawanika kutengera zofunikira zoyendetsera ntchito (kulondola, kuthamanga, kukhazikika)] :
2.8 Zokhakugaya ndi kupukutamakina
2.8.1 Zofunika:
- Madigiri apamwamba a automation komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
- Imatha kuzindikira kudyetsa kokha, kugaya ndi kupukuta, ndikutsitsa zokha.
- Yoyenera kupanga zambiri, kupulumutsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
2.8.2 Zochitika:
Makina akupera ndi kupukuta ndi oyenera kuchiritsa pamwamba pa zida zopangira zinthu zambiri, monga ma casings amagetsi, zida zapanyumba, ndi zina zambiri.
2.8.3 Kuyerekeza zabwino ndi zoyipa:
| mwayi | chopereŵera |
| Mkulu digiri ya zochita zokha ndi mkulu kupanga bwino | Kukonzekera kovutirapo komanso zofunika kwambiri pamaphunziro oyendetsa |
| Sungani ndalama zogwirira ntchito | Mtengo wa zida ndi wapamwamba |
| Zoyenera kupanga zambiri | Kuchepa kwa ntchito |
Makina opukutira ndi kupukuta amakina, kuphatikiza pazida zodziwikiratu, amakhalanso ndi machitidwe opangira pamanja omwe amadalira kwambiri ntchito ya anthu, komanso zida zodziwikiratu zomwe zili pakati. Kusankha kumatengera zinthu monga kupanga bwino kwa chogwiriracho, zofunikira zolondola, mtengo wa ogwira ntchito ndi kasamalidwe ka chiŵerengero cha kasamalidwe, ndi chuma (chomwe chidzagawidwa pambuyo pake).
Chithunzi 8: Chithunzi chojambula chamagetsimakina opukutira ndi kupukuta
2.9 CNCkugaya ndi kupukutamakina
2.9.1 Zofunika:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CNC, kulondola kwambiri.
- Imatha kuzindikira kugaya kolondola kwambiri komanso kupukuta kwa zida zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta.
- Yoyenera chithandizo chapamwamba, cholondola kwambiri chapamwamba.
2.9. 2 Zochitika zotsatirazi:
CNC akupera ndi kupukuta makina ndi oyenera mankhwala pamwamba pamwamba-mwatsatanetsatane ndi chofunika kwambiri workpieces, monga mbali ndege ndi mwatsatanetsatane zida.
2.9.3 Kuyerekeza zabwino ndi zoyipa:
| mwayi | chopereŵera |
| Zolondola kwambiri, zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe ovuta | Mtengo wa zida ndi wapamwamba |
| Zabwino akupera ndi kupukuta zotsatira, mkulu mlingo wa zochita zokha | Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta ndipo imafuna maphunziro apamwamba |
| Oyenera chithandizo chapamwamba chapamwamba | Kukonza zovuta |
Chithunzi 9: Chithunzi chojambula cha CNC makina akupera ndi kupukuta
3. Kufananiza-kuyerekeza kwa zitsanzo m'magulu osiyanasiyana
Pakugula kwenikweni, mabizinesi ayenera kusankha makina oyenera kwambiri opera ndi kupukuta malinga ndi zosowa zawo zopangira, zofunikira pakupanga ndi bajeti, kuti apititse patsogolo luso la kupanga ndi mtundu wazinthu ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika chabizinesi.
| Makina akupera ndi kupukuta | Mawonekedwe | Chochitika chovomerezeka | mwayi | chopereŵera |
| M'manja akupera ndi kupukuta makina | Kukula kwakung'ono, kulemera kopepuka, ntchito yosinthika | Malo ang'onoang'ono, akupera am'deralo ndi kupukuta | Zosavuta kunyamula, zoyenera zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta | kugaya ndi kupukuta bwino, zomwe zimafuna luso lapamwamba logwira ntchito |
| Makina amtundu wa tebulo akupera ndi kupukuta | Kapangidwe kakang'ono, kaphazi kakang'ono | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa ntchito zazing'ono ndi zapakati | Kulondola kwambiri, ntchito yosavuta komanso kukonza kosavuta | kugaya ndi kupukuta mphamvu, kufalikira kocheperako kwa ntchito |
| Oyima akupera ndi kupukuta makina | Zidazi zimakhala ndi kutalika kwapakati komanso kupukuta kwakukulu ndi kupukuta bwino | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa sing'anga-kakulidwe workpieces | Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yabwino yopera ndi kupukuta | Zipangizozi zimatenga malo ambiri ndipo ndizokwera mtengo |
| Gantry mtundu akupera ndi kupukuta makina | kugaya ndi kupukuta zida zazikulu zogwirira ntchito , zokhala ndi digiri yapamwamba yamagetsi | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa workpieces zazikulu | Kukhazikika kwabwino, koyenera kupanga misa | Zida ndi zazikulu komanso zodula |
| Makina opukutira pamwamba ndi kupukuta | Oyenera pamwamba mankhwala a lathyathyathya workpieces | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa workpieces lathyathyathya | akupera ndi kupukuta zotsatira, oyenera mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane pamwamba mankhwala | Oyenera okha workpieces lathyathyathya, pang'onopang'ono akupera ndi kupukuta liwiro |
| Mkati ndi kunja cylindrical akupera ndi kupukuta makina | Oyenera kugaya ndi kupukuta malo amkati ndi akunja a cylindrical workpieces ndikuchita bwino kwambiri. | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa cylindrical workpieces | kugaya ndi kupukuta kwa malo amkati ndi kunja ndizotheka | Kapangidwe ka zida ndizovuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba |
| Makina apadera opera ndi kupukuta | Zapangidwira zida zapadera, zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa workpieces ndi mawonekedwe apadera kapena zovuta | Kulunjika kwamphamvu, kukupera kwabwino komanso kupukuta | Zida makonda, mtengo wapamwamba |
| Makina akupera ndi kupukuta okha | Madigiri apamwamba a automation, oyenera kupanga misa | Kupera ndi kupukuta kwa workpieces kupanga misa | Sungani ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso kupanga bwino kwambiri | Zida ndi zodula ndipo kukonza ndizovuta |
| CNC akupera ndi kupukuta makina | Kutengera luso la CNC, loyenera kuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane komanso zovuta za workpiece pamwamba | Kupera kolondola kwambiri kwa workpiece ndi kupukuta | Zolondola kwambiri, zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe ovuta | Zida ndi zokwera mtengo ndipo zimafuna maphunziro apamwamba |
3.1Kuyerekeza kolondola
CNC akupera ndi kupukuta makina ndi basi akupera ndi kupukuta makina ali ndi ubwino zoonekeratu ponena mwatsatanetsatane ndipo ndi oyenera mankhwala pamwamba pa workpieces mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane. Makina opukutira m'manja ndi opukutira amatha kusinthasintha kuti agwire ntchito, koma kulondola kwawo kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi luso logwira ntchito.
3.2 Kufananiza koyenera
Makina opera ndi kupukuta amtundu wa Gantry ndi makina opera ndi opukutira okha ali ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba ndipo ndi oyenera kupanga zambiri. Makina opukutira m'manja ndi opukutira ndi makina opukutira apakompyuta ndi opukutira ndi oyenera kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena kugaya ndi kupukuta m'deralo, ndipo mphamvu zake ndizochepa.
3.3 Kuyerekeza mtengo
Makina opukutira m'manja ndi kupukuta ndi makina opukutira pakompyuta ndi kupukuta ndi otsika mtengo komanso oyenera kupangira zinthu zazing'ono kapena kugwiritsa ntchito payekha. CNC akupera ndi kupukuta makina ndi yodzichitira akupera ndi kupukuta makina ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, koma akhoza kwambiri kusintha bwino kupanga ndi khalidwe mankhwala, ndi oyenera ntchito ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu.
3.4Kugwiritsa ntchitokuyerekeza
Zopukutira m'manja ndi zopukutira ndizoyenera kugaya ndi kupukuta malo ang'onoang'ono, opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe ovuta; zopukusira kompyuta ndi polishers ndi oyenera mtanda akupera ndi kupukuta zigawo zazing'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe; ofukula ofukula ndi opukuta ndi mkati ndi kunja cylindrical grinders ndi polishers ndi oyenera pamwamba mankhwala a sing'anga-kakulidwe ndi cylindrical workpieces; gantry grinders ndi polishers ndi oyenera mankhwala pamwamba pa workpieces lalikulu; zopukusira ndege ndi polishers ndi oyenera mankhwala pamwamba pa ndege workpieces; opukusira apadera ndi opukuta ndi oyenera kugaya ndi kupukuta kwa ntchito zogwirira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe apadera kapena zovuta; makina opukutira ndi opukuta ndi oyenera kupanga misa; CNC grinders ndi polishers ndi oyenera chithandizo chapamwamba chapamwamba kwambiri, chofunika kwambiri workpieces.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-10-2024